Phytochemical Profiling (GC-MS) of the Leaf Extract of Mangifera indica and its Hypolipidemic Effect on Serum Lipid Profile in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats

Background and Objective: Medicinal plants have been known to play a crucial role in the health system since time immemorial as plants contain natural compounds with medicinal properties. This research is aimed at profiling and investigating the hypolipidemic effect of ethanol extract of Mangifera indica in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: The albino Wistar rats weighing 110 to 242 g were randomly distributed into six groups of five rats each. Group I served as a normal control and was given feed and distilled water. Group II served as diabetic control. Groups III, IV, V and VI were induced with 40 mg/kgb. of streptozotocin. Group III was treated with 5 units/b.wt., of insulin. Group IV, V and VI were treated with 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg of Mangifera indica extract respectively. The duration of treatment was twenty one days. Extraction and biochemical analysis were carried out using standard laboratory techniques. The chemical components of the leaf extracts were characterized by GCMS analysis. Results: Administration of the extract resulted in a significant (p<0.05) decrease in TG, TC and LDL concentrations in all experimental groups when compared to the control group but an increase in HDL and VLDL concentrations. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the ethanol leaf extract of Mangifera indica may possess hypolipidemic properties and could be used to regulate lipid levels. The plant extract's GC-MS examination revealed that the most prevalent compounds were oleic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid and 9,12-octadecadienal, etc.