Environmental Impact of Solid Waste Generation on Air Quality in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Background and Objective: The emission of pollutants during the process of solid waste management is of great concern due to its hazardous effect on air quality. The study aimed to examine the environmental impact of solid waste generation on air quality in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Sensitive digital monitors were used to monitor the levels of CH₄, H₂S, NO₂, CO and PM_2.5 from the three dumpsites and a control. The ambient air quality was compared to standards set by the World Health Organisation. Data sets were analyzed using Fisher’s Significance Least Difference (F-LSD) at the 0.05 probability level. Results: The selected study area had a high concentration of potentially dangerous contaminants, which contributed to the poor environmental air quality around waste dumps. The study’s findings revealed that while CH₄ is within the recommended guidelines, CO, NO₂, H₂S,and PM_2.5 concentration levels in the atmosphere were found to have exceeded WHO regulation guidelines. The level of PM_2.5 increased downwind instead of at the source site. The amount of greenhouse gases and PM_2.5 in the atmosphere was also influenced by the weather. In Ebonyi State, the Ogoja Road, New Layout and Kpirikpiri are highly populated. Residents who live close to waste dump sites are very concerned about the quality of the surrounding air. Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the air quality in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, particularly around solid waste dumps, to prevent harmful air pollution and ensure the safety of the people.